The surface properties and structure of polystyrene (PS) and polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) coatings on KU-1 and VK-100 quartz glass modified with oligomeric diisocyanate CX-100 are characterized using IR absorption spectroscopy, measuring wetting angles of water (glycerol) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The surface energies of quartz and obtained PS and PSSA coatings are found to correlate with the integral intensity of absorption bands corresponding to silanol groups of quartz. The composition of functional groups and surface energy of PS and PSSA coatings are shown to follow certain regularities depending on PS and PSSA concentrations. The obtained data are used to manufacture capillary columns for the separation of proteins by high-performance electrochromatography on the basis of the prepared polymer coatings on quartz glass.

REFERENСES

1. Itoh N., Stoneham A.M., Tanimura K. Transient de-fects and electronic excitation. Structure Imperfec-tions Amorphous and Crystaline Silicon Dioxide, NY, Wiley, 2000, pp. 329–347.
2. Lyklema J., Rovillard S., De Coninck J. The properties of the stagnant layer unraveled. Langmuir, 1998, vol. 14, nu. 20, pp. 5659–5663.
3. Bello M.S., Capelli L., Righetti P.G. Dependence of the electroosmotic mobility on the applied electric field and its reproducibility in capillary electrophoresis. J. Chromatogr. А, 1994, vol. 684, nu. 2, pp. 311–322.
4. Citterio A., Sebastiano R., Gelfi C., Righetti P.G. US Patent № 20020179532, 03.07.2002.
5. Bendahl L., Hansen S.H., Gammelgaard B. Capillaries modified by noncovalent anionic polymer adsorbtion for capillary zone electrophoresis, micellar electroki-netic capillary chromatography and capillary electro-phoresis mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis, 2001. vol. 22, pp. 2565–2573.

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¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
²Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), RF
Contacts: Shmykov Aleksey Yuryevich, shmyniy@mail.ru

In the experimental study of the magnetization curves of the two magnetic liquids by the method NMR, it was found that the distribution function of nanoparticles on the values of the magnetic moments of P in the range of 4.5•10^-19 < Р < 12•10^-19 А•m² proportional to 1/P. This result is consistent with the experimental distribution functions obtained by transmission electron microscopy at the sizes of nanoparticles more than 9 nm.

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Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology(Technical University), RF
Contacts: Zhernovoy Alexandr Ivanovich, azhspb@rambler.ru

It is shown that the introduction of new elements into the scheme of a holographic interference microscope for studying phase microobjects allows one to adjust the microscope more efficiently. The mathematical description and procedure of its adjustment is presented.

REFERENСES

1. Snow K., Vandewarker R. An application of hologra-phy to interference microscopy. Appl. Optics, 1968, vol. 7, nu. 3, pp. 549–554.
2. Rappaz B., Barbul A., Charrière F. et al. Erythrocytes volume and refractive index measurement with a digi-tal holographic microscope. Proc. SPIE 6445, Optical Diagnostics and Sensing VII, 644509 (February 14, 2007). doi:10.1117/12.700463.
3. Ricardo J.O., Muramatsu M., Palacios F. et al. Digital holography microscopy in 3D biologic samples analy-sis. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2011, vol. 274, nu. 1, 012066. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/274/1/012066.
4. Rappaz B., Barbul A., Emery Y. et al. Comparative study of human erythrocytes by digital holographic microscopy, confocal microscopy, and impedance volume analyzer. Cytometry. Part A. 2008, vol. 73A, nu. 10, pp. 895–903.

Ioffe Physical Technical Institute of the RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Babenko Veronika Andreevna, babenko@mail.ioffe.ru

The untied equations like Kirchhoff, allowing to solve the connected linearized equations of thermoelasticity for solid bodies and the connected equations of system of Navier—Stokes for viscous heat-conducting liquid both in stationary, and in non-stationary cases are received. The equations are written down for scalar potentials of shift of a solid body and speed in liquid, and also for temperature fields in a solid body and liquid. The received equations give additional opportunities for calculations of the specified fields in the elastic areas contacting to liquid.

REFERENСES

1. Doinikov A.A. Acoustic radiation force on a spherical particle in a viscous heat-conducting fluid. I. General formula. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1997, vol. 101, nu. 2, pp. 713–721.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Sharfarets Boris Pinkusovich, sharb@mail.ru

Mathematical equations for enzymatic reaction kinetics usually cannot be solved analytically and require numeric methods of analysis. However, successful modeling some problems critically depends on our ability to obtain at least approximate analytical solution. This applies, for instance, to the ma-thematical model of real-time polymerase chain reaction which could be used to develop an efficient algorithm for experimental data processing. In the present paper, a novel approach to the analysis of enzymatic kinetics equation system is described which allows obtaining approximate analytic solutions expressing time course of reactant concentrations, with some limitations on reaction parameters.

REFERENСES

1. Gevertz J.L., Dunn S.M., Roth C.M. Mathematical model of real-time PCR kinetics. Biotechnol Bioeng., 2005, vol. 92, pp. 346–355.
2. Booth C.S., Pienaar E., Termaat J.R., Whitney S.E., Louw T.M., Viljoen H.J. Efficiency of the polymerase chain reaction. Chem. Eng. Sci., 2010, vol. 65, pp. 4996–5006.
3. Cobbs G. Stepwise kinetic equilibrium models of quan-titative polymerase chain reaction. BMC Bioinforma-tics, 2012, vol. 13, pp. 203–216.

¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
²Joint Stock Company "Syntol", Moscow, RF
Contacts: Fedorov Alexey Alexandrovich, f_aa@mail.ru

In the work of the highlighted features of the dynamics of convective flows induced by gravity and temperature gradients, the mathematical model describing their behavior, and the condition of mechanical equilibrium liquid when heated, the conditions of formation of stable and unstable convective flows. Given the similarity laws for free convection and heat transfer. These results enable to significantly increase the efficiency of numerical modeling with the aim of producing recommendations to the synthesis need to create devices sustainable convection currents by variation geometry, distribution gradients control of the temperature field and the parameters of the working fluid.

REFERENСES

1. Benard H. Les tourbillons cellulaires dans une nappe liquide. Revue generale des Sciences, pures et ap-pliquees, 1900, vol. 12, pp. 1261–1309.
2. Marangoni C. Sull\'espansione delle goccie di un liqui-do galleggiante sulla superficie di altro liquido. 1865.
3. Rау1еigh. On convection currents in a horizontal layer of fluid, when the higher temperature is on the under side. Phil. Mag., 1916, vol. 32, nu. 6, pp. 529–546.
4. Lorenz E.N. Deterministic nonperiodic flow. J. At-mosp. Sci., nu. 20, pp. 130–141.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Sharfarets Boris Pinkusovich, sharb@mail.ru

Webometrical method of analytical instrumentation development trends is presented. In contrast to classical scientometrics, webometrical analysis based on scientometrical study of Internet sites permits investigation of dynamics of both number of publications and number of cites on these publications. It is shown that quality of on-line determination of cites number is good during 1996–2007 and 2010–2012 years only while citation database for 2008–2009 years and period before 1980 year is unsatisfactory. The h-index of various types of analytical instruments application was calculated. Use of nanostructures in some analytical instruments has best citation in XXI century. In perspective, webometrical analysis can indicate small number of control parameters ruling development trends of both analytical instrumentation and its directions.

REFERENСES

1. Bar-Ilan J. Data collection methods on the Web for in-formetric proposes – a review and analysis. Sciento-metrics, 2001, vol. 50, nu. 1, pp. 7–32.
2. Arkhipov D.B., Berezkin V.G. Development of ana-lytical chemistry in the latter half of the 20th century (scientometric analysis). Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2002, vol. 57, nu. 7, pp. 581–585.
3. Hirsch J.E. An index to quantify an individual scienti-fic research output. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 2006, vol. 102, nu. 46, pp. 16 569–16 573.
4. Kartsova L.A., Bessonova E.A. Preconcentration techniques in capillary electrophoresis. Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2009, vol. 64, nu. 4, pp. 326–337.
5. Spiegelman C.H., McShane M.J., Goetz M.J. et al. Theoretical justification of wavelength selection in PLS calibration: development of a new algorithm. Analyt. Chem., 1998, vol. 70, nu. 1, pp. 34–44.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Bulyanitsa Anton Leonidovich, antbulyan@yandex.ru

Algorithms information handling are considered In article in discrete dynamic system with refusal. For different mathematical models of the parameter of the refusal are built algorithms to filtering, which for-that are generalised on problems of the finding signal on background of the hindrances and white noise.

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Sankt-Petersburg State University
Contacts: Butyrsky Eugeny Yurievich, evgenira88@mail.ru

Using simulation modeling we analyzed the method of quality assay of multicomponent mixture (products of chemical and food industries) that applies multisensory systems. We suggested the procedure of sensor rejection with linearly dependent sensibility according to matrix rank of correlation matrix of sensor response. We also proposed the selection of sensors in the system following the eigenvalues of this matrix. The simulated system realizes the discriminatory analysis (supervised pattern recognition) of multicomponent mixtures according to the scheme: (supervision—measuring of sensor responses from the controlled sample—calculation of the probability of their belonging training sample). Data processing is realized in the space of principal components, that increases the probability of correct classification.

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Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Novikov Lev Vasilyevich, novik38@mail.ru

Basic reasons of distinction of electrophoretic mobility of fluorescently marked DNA fragments were considered. The analysis of results of the experimental sequence mixture fragments division was made. The method of basic time interval determination was offered. It were suggested to consider the differences between real and base time intervals as a systematic component of an error of measurements in case of peaks sequence determination.

REFERENСES

1. Tu O., Mnott T., Marsh M. et al. The influence of fluo-rescent dye structure on the electrophoretic mobility of end-labeled DNA. Nucleic Acids Research, 1998, vol. 26, nu. 11, pp. 2797–2802.
2. Jingyue J., Alexander N., Glazer I. and Mathies A.R. Cassette labeling for facile construction of energy transfer fluorescent primers. Nucleic Acids Research, 1996, vol. 24, nu. 6, pp. 1144–1148.

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¹JSC Syntol, Moscow, RF
²Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Belov Yurii Vasilyevich, bel3838@mail.ru

The article analyzes the factors that introduce distortions on surface topology investigating using a scanning probe microscope and suggests methods to eliminate their influence on post-processing images. Furthermore the answer to direct and inverse problems on investigating automatic control system parameters and scanner hardware functions is generally examined.

REFERENСES

1. Binnig G., Rohrer H. Scanning tunneling microscopy. Helv. Phys. Acta., 1982, vol. 55, nu. 6, pp. 726–735.

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¹ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, RF
²Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Manoylov Vladimir Vladimirovich, manoilov_vv@mail.ru

The possibility of improving the accuracy of the analysis of various samples carried out by means of an analyzer operating in the near infrared region is considered in this article. To solve the problem we suggest to create calibration using the mathematical programming methods.

REFERENСES

1. Wang Y., Veltkamp D., Kowalski B.R. Multivariate instrument standardization. Analytical chemistry, 1991, vol. 63, nu 23, pp. 2750–2756.
2. Esbensen K.H. Multivariate analysis in practice. 2000, Oslo, Camo, 597 p.
3. Estienne F, Massart D.L. Multivariate calibration with Raman data using fast principal components and partial least square method. Analytical Chemistry Acta. 2001, vol. 450, nu. 1-2, pp. 123–129.
4. Bishop C.M. Neural networks for pattern recognition. 1995, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 482 p.
5. Skutin I., Zharinov K., Sushkova M. Mathematical programming method as a means of calibration of NIR analyzers. Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering. 2012, vol. 6, nu. 8, pp. 692–697.
6. Sinha S.M. Mathematical programming theory and methods. 2006, Elsevier Science, 628 p.
7. ASTM standard E 1655-00. Practices for infrared mul-tivariate quantitative analysis. 2000, 28 p.

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Saint-Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University), RF
Contacts: Skutin Ilya Vladimirovich, Skytin.Ilya@gmail.com

Results of studies on the implementation of a competitive immune analysis on at sodiumborosilicate porous glass SBS-MAP (490 nm average pore size, porosity 50 %) and in a microfluidic device with an integrated sensor element are discussed in the article. The opportunity of insulin detection is demonstrated in concentration range (2.9∙10^-7÷2.3∙10^-6) М at sensor element in sample volume 600 μl and in microfluidic device with sensor element in sample volume 40 μl.

REFERENСES

1. Lin C.-C., Wang J.-H., Wu H.-W., Lee G.-B. Micro-fluidic immunoassays. JALA, 2010, vol. 15, nu. 3, pp. 253–274.
2. Evstrapov A., Esikova N., Rudnitskaja G., Antropo-va T. Porous glasses as sensor elements for microflui-dic chips. Optica Applicata, 2010, vol. 40, nu. 2, pp. 333–340.

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¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
²Grebenshchikov Institute of Silicate Chemistry of RAS, Saint Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Esikova Nadezhda Aleksandrovna, elpis-san@yandex.ru

The purpose of work is identification of real opportunities of a method of an ellipsometriy for research of plasma of blood for diagnostics of chronic pancreatitis. Thus plasma is used in the form of a liquid phase. The experiment made with use of spectral ellipsometer on samples of plasma of blood of patients with chronic pancreatitis, led to important results. First of all the essential dispersion of polarizing corners Δ and Ψ on plasma samples is observed with a set length of a wave that points to good opportunities of a method in questions of diagnostics of chronic pancreatitis at different stages. Besides, the behavior of these corners in the spectral range of the device with all evidence indicates blanket existence on plasma samples. Thickness and optical parameters of this layer depend on expressiveness of a disease. The method of an ellipsometriy possessing supersensitivity to change of a condition of a surface, reacts to it noticeable change of measured polarizing corners Δ and Ψ which values, obviously, don't depend on a choice of model of a reflecting surface. In carried-out work at the first stage the model of a homogeneous environment is used. In this case we deal with effective index of refraction of n_ef of plasma of the blood which behavior is also connected with expressiveness of a disease. Processing of results the ellipsometric of measurements is carried out (concerning parameters Δ, Ψ and n_ef) by means of a statistical method of complete factorial experiment. As major factors of X₁, X₂, X₃ such symptoms of chronic pancreatitis, as fibrosis, pseudo-cysts and kaltsinats are considered. It is thus established that for the considered group of patients combinations of factors of X₁X₃ and X₁X₂X₃ are statistically significant. It means that the greatest influence on the optical parameters determined by a method of an ellipsometriya on samples of plasma of blood, has simultaneous effect of factors of X₁ and X₃ (fibrosis + kaltsinats), and also simultaneous action of all three factors (fibrosis + pseudo-cysts + kaltsinats).

REFERENСES

1. Adler Yu.P., Markova E.V., Granovsky Yu.V. The de-sign of experiments to find optimal conditions. Mos-cow, Mir Publishers, 1975, 285 p.

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¹Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, RAS,
Chernogolovka, Moskovskaya obl., RF
²I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, RF
³Institute of Applied Physics NAS, Ukraine
Contacts: Semenenko Albert Ivanovich, sem199@mail.ru

Described interface mass-spectrometry for measuring the anesthetic concentration in biological fluids (plasma and urine). Sampling was carried out in biological fluids during balanced inhalation (sevoflurane, fentanyl) and total intravenous anesthesia (propofol, fentanyl) anesthesia. The described technique of measuring the concentration of drugs in biological fluids requires no sample preparation for introduction of the sample into the mass spectrometer interface, which used selective hydrophobic membrane, which can allocate anesthetic drugs from biological fluids: inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane , propofol hypnotic. The possibility of using the membrane interface for absolute measurement of the absolute concentration of intravenous hypnotic propofol in blood plasma.

REFERENСES

1. Viktorova O.S., Kogan V.T., Manninen S.A. et al. Utili-zation of a multimembrane inlet and a cyclic sudden sampling introduction mode in membrane inlet mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrom., 2004, vol. 15, pp. 823–831.
2. Hansen K.F., Gylling S., Lauritsen F.R. Time-and con-centration-dependent relative peak intensities observed in electron impact membrane inle mass spectra. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1996, vol. 152, pp. 143–155.
3. Ketola R., Virkki V.T., Ojala M., Komppa V., Kotia-ho T. Comparison of different method for determina-tion of volatile organic compounds in water samples. Talanta, 1997, vol. 44, pp. 373–382.
4. Ojala M., Ketola R., Mansikka T. et al. Environmental analysis of volatile organic compounds in water and sediment by gas chromatography. J. High Resol. Chromatogr., 1997, vol. 20, pp. 165–170.
5. Ojala M., Ketola R.A., Virkki V., Sorsa H., Kotiaho T. Determination of phenolic compounds in water using membrane inlet mass spectrometry. Talanta, 1997, vol. 44, nu. 7, pp. 1253–1259.
6. Strum D.P., Johson B.H., Edmond M.S., Eger I. Stability of sevoflurane in soda lime. Anesthesiology, 1987, vol. 67, pp. 779–781.
7. Versichelen L.F.M., Rolly G., Bouche M.-P.L.A. et al. In vitro compound a formation in a computer-controlled closed-circuit anesthetic apparatus: comparison with a classical valve circuit. Anesthesiology, 2000, vol. 93, nu. 4, pp. 1064–1068.
8. Wallin R.F., Malan T.P., Morgan S.E. Sevoflurane: a new inhalational anesthetic agent. Anesth. Analg., 1975, vol. 54, pp. 758–765.
9. Frink E.J., Green E.J., Morgan W. et al. Compound A concentration diring sevoflurane anesthesia in child-ren. Anesthesiology, 1996, vol. 84, pp. 566–571.
10. Bito H., Ikeda K. Closed-circuit anesthesia with sevof-lurane in humans effects on renal and hepatic function and concentrations of breakdown products with soda lime in the circuit. Anesthesiology, 1994, vol. 80, pp. 71–76.
11. Harrison G.R., Critchley A.D., Mayhew C.A. Thomp-son typical measurement of single-breath concentra-tions of C2H6, CO2 and O2. J. M. Br. J. Anaesth., 2003, vol. 91, nu. 6, pp. 797–799.
12. Hornus C., Praun S., Villinger J. et al. Real-time moni-toring of propofol in expired air in humans under-going total intravenous anesthesia. Anesthesiology, 2007, vol. 106, nu. 4, pp. 665–674.
13. Takita A., Masui K., Kazama T. On-line monitoring of end-tidal propofol concentration in anesthetized pa-tients. Anesthesiology, 2007, vol. 106, nu. 4, pp. 659–664.
14. Shafer S.L. STANPUMP User’s Manual. Stanford, CA, Stanford University, 1996.
15. Rubin L.L., Barbu K., Bard F. et al. Permeation of the blood-brain barrier for drug delivery. Ann. N.Y. Acad. of Sci., 1992, vol. 663. pp. 420–425.

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¹ZAO "Nauchnye Pribory", Saint-Petersburg, RF
²Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Elizarov Andrey Yuryevich, a.elizarov@mail.ioffe.ru

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