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  JOURNAL "NP" ISSUES

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, Vol. 33, no. 1. ISSN 2312-2951

"NP" 2023 year Vol. 33 no. 1.,   ABSTRACTS

ABSTRACTS, REFERENCES

L. E. Ermakova1, B. P. Sharfarets2, S. P. Dmitriev2, V. E. Kurochkin2

IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ACOUSTO-ELECTRIC CONVERTER.
2. ELECTROKINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROFILTRATION MEMBRANES

"Nauchnoe priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 3—16.
 

The methods of measuring the specific electrical conductivity of membranes, flow potentials, and structural parameters (volumetric porosity and structural resistance coefficients) of microfilters are presented. Issues related to increasing the efficiency of acoustoelectric conversion in electrolytes are considered using the results of measurements of the characteristics of microfilters made of borosilicate glass fiber (Whatman GF/A) in NaCl solutions. The results obtained are intended to increase the sensitivity of the hydrophone based on the application of electrokinetic effects.
 

Keywords: flow potential, zeta potential, electrokinetic radius, electric double layer, electric double layers overlap, sensitivity of acoustoelectric, transformation of electrokinetic effects

Author affiliations:

1Institute of Chemistry of Saint Petersburg State University, Petergof, Russia
2Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia

 
Contacts: Sharfarez Boris Pinkusovich, sharb@mail.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 07.10.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

REFERENCES

  1. Ermakova L.E., Sharfarets B.P., Dmitriev S.P., Kurochkin V.E. [Implementation of an acousto-electric converter. 1. Dependence of electrokinetic phenomena on the structure of membrane materials in aqueous electrolyte solutions]. Nauchnoe Priborostroenie [Scientific Instrumentation], 2022, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 20—34. DOI: 10.18358/np-32-4-i2034
  2. SOMATCO. Filter Papers and Membranes. Glass microfiber filters. URL: www.somatco.com
  3. Grigorov O.N., Koz'mina Z.P., Markovich A.V., Fridrichsberg D.A. Elektrokineticheskie svoystva kapillyarnych sistem [Electrokinetic properties of capillary systems]. Moscow, Leningrad, Academy of sciences of the USSR, Publ., 1956. 352 p.
  4. Ermakova L.E., Volkova A.V., Antropova T.V., Murtuzalieva F.G. [Colloidal and chemical characteristics of porous glasses of different composition in KNO3 solutions. 1. Structural and Electrokinetic membrane characteristics]. Kolloid. zhurn. [Colloid. magazine], 2014, vol. 76, no. 5, pp. 594—601. DOI: 10.7868/S0023291214050073
  5. Bogdanova N.F., Sidorova M.P., Ermakova L.E., Savina I.A. [Electrokinetic characteristics of fused quartz in solutions of 1:1, 2:1 and 3: 1-charge electrolytes]. Kolloid. zhurn. [Colloid. magazine], 1997, vol. 59, no 4, pp. 452—459. URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=14939421
 

I. N. Moskalev1, A. V. Semenov2, S. N. Ekimchev1, D. A. Khapov3

NON-SEPARATION ANALYZER OF VOLUME FRACTIONS OF GAS, CONDENSATE AND WATER IN PRODUCTS EXTRACTED FROM GAS CONDENSATE WELLS

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 17—29.
 

When developing a non-separation technique for recording the components of the production of gas condensate and oil and gas condensate wells, it is necessary to solve the problem of determining the volumetric contents of these components. A promising direction for solving this problem is the technique of probing a gas-liquid flow with decimeter radio waves. By passing the flow through the microwave resonator and measuring the frequency shift of the resonator and its quality factor, it is possible to determine the volume fraction of gas, water, and condensate.
The algorithm for determining the volume fractions of gas, water and hydrocarbon condensate of a gas-liquid flow using the analysis of information from a microwave resonator provides an acceptable accuracy in determining the amount of condensate only at high gas-condensate factors (~ 300—1000 cm3/m3) and low water-gas factors (~ 30—100 cm3/m3). With an increase in the proportion of water or a decrease in the proportion of condensate, the error in determining the gas-condensate factor becomes unacceptably large, which devalues this measurement method. The error can be reduced by introducing a bypass line into the flow meter containing a filter that separates the liquid phase and a reference resonator that registers the frequency shift due to the gas phase. The filter is probed with an 8 mm radio beam, which reacts to the content of only the water component. The data obtained from the resonator and filter significantly expand the range of recorded condensate-gas and water-gas factors.
 

Keywords: gas-liquid flow, multiphase flow meter, microwave resonator, millimeter range, measurement error, well

Author affiliation:

1 Aksion Holding Izhevsk Motor Plant, Izhevsk, Russia
2 Moscow Witte University, Russia
3Arzamas Instrument-Building Plant, Arzamas, Russia

 
Contacts: Khapov Dmitry Aleksandrovich, khda@mail.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 19.10.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

REFERENCES

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  9. Grishin D.V., Golod G.S., Moskalev I.N., Derevyagin G.A., Chapov D.A., Kochnev V.V. [Method and technique of continuous determination of gases compressibility factor]. Avtomatizaziya, telemechanizaziya i svyaz' v neftyanoy promyshlennosti [Automation and informatization of the fuel and energy complex], 2016, no. 1, pp. 11—20. URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25256843 (In Russ.).
  10. Moskalev I.N., Semenov A.V. [An algorithm for determining the volume fractions of gas, water and condensate in the products of gas condensate and oil and gas condensate wells with a high content of the liquid phase]. Avtomatizaziya, telemechanizaziya i svyaz' v neftyanoy promyshlennosti [Automation and informatization of the fuel and energy complex], 2019, no. 10 (555), pp. 12—18. DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2019-10(555)-12-18 (In Russ.).
  11. Moskalev I.N., Semenov A.V., Gorbunov I.A., Gorbunov Yu.A. [Organization of high-precision measurements of volume fractions of gas, water and condensate in the products of gas condensate and oil and gas condensate wells]. Avtomatizaziya, telemechanizaziya i svyaz' v neftyanoy promyshlennosti [Automation and informatization of the fuel and energy complex], 2020, no. 7 (564), pp. 5—12. DOI: 10.33285/0132-2222-2020-7(564)-5-12 (In Russ.).
 

V. A. Talipov1,2, A. M. Baranov2, I. I. Ivanov2, Ju. Yangyang3

STUDY OF THE ACTIVITY OF THERMOCATALYTIC
HYDROGEN SENSORS AT NEGATIVE AMBIENT TEMPERATURES

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 30—42.
 

The response of thermocatalytic hydrogen sensors with platinum group catalysts (Pt+3Pd and Ir) to heating voltage (S-shaped patterns) was studied at ambient temperatures from 17 ºC to (–48) ºC. It has been shown that for sensors with a Pt+3Pd catalyst, a decrease in the ambient temperature leads to a shift in the onset of the reaction of catalytic hydrogen combustion from 0 mV to 442 mV. The threshold temperature at which the catalytic combustion of hydrogen begins is determined and lies in the range of 17—22 ºC. It is shown that for iridium-based catalysts, the response of hydrogen sensors does not depend on the ambient temperature, and combustion starts at 1.5 V, which corresponds to a temperature from 222 ºC to 190 ºC when the ambient temperature changes from 17 ºC to (–48) ºC, respectively.
 

Keywords: thermal catalytic hydrogen sensor, platinum group catalysts, low-temperature catalytic combustion, self-initiation reaction temperature

Author affiliations:

1Scientific and Technical Center for Gas Sensing Sensors named after E.F. Karpov, Lyubertsy
2Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow
3Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing

 
Contacts: Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich, i.ivan1993@yandex.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 18.12.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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  8. Talipov V.A., Baranov A.M., Ivanov I.I., Mironov S.M. [Low temperature methods for selective determination of hydrogen concentration in gas analytical technology]. Nauchnoe Priborostroenie [Scientific Instrumentation], 2022, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 35—47. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18358/np-32-1-i3547
  9. Ivanov I.I., Baranov A.M., Lyamin A.N., Mironov S.M. [Investigation of the sensitivity and selectivity of a thermocatalytic sensor of hydrogen]. Nauchnoe Priborostroenie [Scientific Instrumentation], 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 42—54. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.18358/np-32-2-i4254
  10. Karpov-Sensor. Proizvodstvo termokataliticheskikh sensorov goryuchikh gazov [Production of thermocatalytic sensors of combustible gases]. URL: http://karpov-sensor.com/ (accessed 14.12.2022) (InRuss.).
  11. Ivanov I.I., Baranov A.M., Talipov V.A., Mironov S.M., Akbari S., Kolesnik I.V., Orlova E.D., Napolskii K.S. Investigation of catalytic hydrogen sensors with platinum group catalysts. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2021, vol. 346. DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2021.130515
 

E. E. Maiorov1, Y. M. Borodyansky2, R. B. Guliyev3, A. V. Dagaev4, V. V. Kurlov1, I. S. Tayurskaya5

INVESTIGATION OF OPTICAL SURFACES OF PLANE-CONVEX LENSES BY AN EXPERIMENTAL INTERFERENCE SETUP WITH A DIFFRACTED REFERENCE WAVEFRONT

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 43—53.
 

The paper describes a layout of an experimental interferometric setup, the operation of which is based on the formation of a reference wavefront using a pinhole diaphragm. Optical devices and complexes built according to this scheme enable the carrying out of measurements on the surfaces of optical parts and elements intended for high-precision optics (interferometers for various purposes, interference microscopes, etc.), therefore, the work is promising and relevant. The paper presents an optical layout of the interferometer, as well as technical and operational characteristics of the experimental setup. The objects and the method of research are stated. Interferograms were obtained from the surfaces of plane-convex lenses made of K8 colorless optical glass, KÈ quartz glass (fused quartz SiO2), and zinc selenide (ZnSe). The images of interference fields were analyzed, and the main parameters of wavefronts were revealed. Optical surfaces were controlled using an experimental setup with an accuracy of not worse than 0.01 λ. The reflectivity of the optical surfaces of the provided samples was investigated, and the dependences of the reflection coefficient along the x and y coordinates were obtained.
 

Keywords: accuracy, sensitivity, optical control, interference methods, flat-convex lenses, vibration resistance, micro lens

Author affiliations:

1Saint Petersburg state university of aerospace instrumentation (GUAP), Saint Petersburg, RF
2The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint Petersburg, RF
3University at the EurAsEC inter-parliamentary Assembly, Saint Petersburg, RF
4Ivangorodskii Humanitarian-Technical Institute (branch of) State educational institution for higher
professional education "Saint Petersburg University of Aerospace Instrumentation", Ivangorod, RF
5Saint Petersburg university of management technologies and economics, Saint Petersburg, RF

 
Contacts: Maiorov Evgeniy Evgen'evich, majorov_ee@mail.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 12.01.2023

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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  23. Tsygankova G.A., Maiorov E.E., Chernyak T.A., Konstantinova A.A., Mashek A.C., Pisareva E.A. [Investigation of a developed cross-shear interferometer to adjust interference bands in interferogram processing]. Pribory [Instruments], 2021, no. 2, pp. 20—25. URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=44906824 (In Russ.).
  24. Khokhlova M.V., Dagaev A.V., Maiorov E.E., Arefyev A.V., Guliev R.B., Gromov O.V. [An investigation of the optoelectronic system in the processing of holographic plates]. Mezhdunarodnyi nauchno-issledovatel'skii zhurnal [International research journal], 2021, no. 8 (110), pp. 103—108. DOI: 10.23670/IRJ.2021.110.8.015 (In Russ.).
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V. S. Kondratenko, A. Yu. Rogov, A. V. Sorokin, A. I. Tsvetkov

A NEW METHOD AND TECHNICAL MEANS FOR DETECTING HYDROCARBON LEAKS

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 54—64.
 

The paper considers the issue of leaks in the infrastructure for transportation and storage of hydrocarbons. A novel technique for finding leaks of hydrocarbon liquids based on detecting changes in the concentration of hydrocarbons is proposed. A novel kind of hydrocarbon sensor and a detecting digital device have been developed to build a multi-channel wireless system for locating hydrocarbon leaks.
 

Keywords: leakage, hydrocarbon liquid, hydrocarbon sensor, wireless channel, GSM alert, system, microcontroller, leak detection method

Author affiliations:

Institute of Advanced Technologies and Industrial Programming
"MIREA – Russian technological University", Moscow, RF

 
Contacts: Tsvetkov Artem Igorevich, cartem@bk.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 15.12.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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M. A. Korobkov, V. D. Zajkin, E. S. Mareichev, O. V. Khomutskaya, F. V. Vasiliev

DIRECT EXPOSURE SYSTEM BASED ON A LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 65—85.
 

The paper investigates the possibility of using liquid crystal displays (LCDs) as photomasks for transferring
a conductive pattern to a photosensitive material using ultraviolet light in the workflow of printed circuit boards (PCBs). In the course of the study, an analysis of the exposure technologies used in the PCB workflow was carried out. A block diagram of the direct exposure system with the use of LCD has been developed, and the main elements of its design have been determined. Based on the monochrome LCD PengJi PJ3D623V1, a prototype of the exposure device was created, on which a number of experiments were carried out. During the experiments, the following design parameters of the device were clarified: the type of lens (with frosted glass), the distance between the lens and the LCD (37 mm), the wavelength of the ultraviolet light source (365 nm). The experiments also allowed us to determine the manufacturing parameters of the exposure operation: the required exposure time for sources with various wavelengths, the minimum reproducible dimensions of the conductive pattern (conductor width and spacing). The possibility of using the developed system has been confirmed: a PCB corresponding to the fourth accuracy class according to GOST R 53429-2009 with a minimum width of 0.2 mm conductors and spaces has been successfully manufactured (thickness of the copper foil is 35 μm). The advantages and disadvantages of the system are analyzed, on the basis of which the scope of possible applications of the technology under study is determined, as well as the prospects for its development.
 

Keywords: direct exposure, printed circuit boards manufacturing processes, liquid crystal matrix

Author affiliations:

Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Russian Federation

 
Contacts: Khomutskaya Olga Vladislavovna, khomutskayaov@gmail.com
Article received by the editorial office on 20.12.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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L. V. Novikov, A. G. Kuzmin, Yu. A. Titov

ANALYSIS OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATA ON THE COMPOSITION OF GASES EMITTED
FROM FAULTS IN THE EARTH'S SURFACE

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 86—94.
 

The composition and intensity of gases recorded at fault location on the earth's surface are used to make an express forecast of the state of the earth's crust (including the forecast of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions) by. The method is based on unsupervised learning using a large amount of pre-collected data on the composition and concentration of gases released in the fault zone of the earth's crust. The composition and concentration of these gases contain information about the processes occurring in the depths of the earth, which makes it possible to predict earthquakes or other catastrophic events with some probability. The collected data serve to train the recognition system for newly received data by forming a system of clusters, each of which is a marker of a particular process in the earth's crust. The proximity of new data in the multidimensional space to the core of the cluster is a probabilistic measure of the event that caused the release of a gas mixture similar to a cluster.
 

Keywords: express diagnostics, cluster analysis, multivariate probability density, multivariate data processing

Author affiliations:

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia

 
Contacts: Kuzmin Aleksey Georgievich, agqz55@rambler.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 24.10.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

REFERENCES

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A. G. Lapushkin1, D. A. Gavrilov1, O. A. Potkin2

SYNTHESIZED DATA CREATION SOFTWARE AND FEEDBACK SIMULATOR FOR TESTING
MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2023, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 95—108.
 

This paper presents software that allows the creation of new training data and tests existing algorithms in simulation mode. The developed program allows obtaining related data sets, including combined sets of the visible and infrared ranges using a single camera or stereo pair, additional information in the form of lidar data or a depth map, a segmentation pattern, and data on the location of objects of interest in a photo or video image. The structure of the developed software allows for further improvement of the approaches and possibilities for finalizing the resulting pipeline for different purposes and tasks.
 

Keywords: machine learning, training sets, training of neural network algorithms, algorithm testing, simulator

Author affiliations:

1Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
2Sber Automotive Technologies, Moscow, Russia

 
Contacts: Lapushkin Andrey Georgievich, lapushkin.ag@mipt.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 31.10.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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