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"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, Vol. 25, no. 1, ISSN 2312-2951, DOI: 10.18358/np-25-1-745

"NP" 2015 year Vol. 25 ¹1,  ABSTRACTS

ABSTRACTS, REFERENCES

I. V. Kukhtevich1,2, K. I. Belousov2, A. S. Bukatin1,3, A. A. Evstrapov1,2,3

DESIGNS OF MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES FOR CELL MIGRATION STUDY IN CHEMICAL GRADIENTS (REVIEW)

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 3—16. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i316
 

Directional cell migration plays an important role in physiological processes, such as living beings protection from infections and virus, wound healing, cancer metastasis, etc. Cell migration, among other things, depend on exposure of chemical concentration gradients on cells. Recently, microfluidic devices have been applied to the study of cell migration. These devices allow to perform precise configure and manipulation of chemical gradients that is opening up new possibilities in studies of complex interactions of cells within a population and an environment. The review is devoted to achievements related to the development of microfluidic devices for the study of chemical gradients influence on cell migration. Moreover, a classification of these devices and their comparison with conventional approaches used in cell biology to solve similar problems have been highlighted.

 
Keywords: microfluidic device, cell migration, chemical gradient

Author Affiliations

1Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
2ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, RF
3Saint-Petersburg Academic University — Nanotechnology Research and Education Center of RAS, RF
Contacts: Kukhtevich Igor' Vladimirovich, ba@inbox.ru

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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A. N. Arseniev1, D. N. Alekseev1, G. V. Belchenko1, M. A. Gavrik1, N. V. Krasnov1, P. S. Koryakin1, I. A. Krasnov1, I. V. Kurnin1, Sh. U. Myaldzin1, M. Z. Muradymov1, A. G. Monakov1, V. G. Pavlov1, A. V. Zvereva1, S. N. Nikitina1, E. P. Podolskaya1, S. S. Prisyach1, S. Yu. Semenov2, M. N. Krasnov3, A. V. Samokish3

SPECTROSCOPY OF PEPTIDES, PROTEINS AND OLIGONUKLEOTIDES FROM SOLUTIONS BY ION MOBILITY

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 17—26. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i1726
 

The capability of producing an ion mobility spectra of peptides, proteins and oligonucleotides in positive and negative modes using an ion source with field desorption ion from solution under dynamic flow dividing spraying liquid at atmospheric pressure and normal conditions. As of the objects used solutions: aliphatic quaternary amines Me4N and Et4N, arginine (175 Da), reserpine (608.68 Da) in positive mode, macro biomolecules Human serum albumin (69 367 Da), Hemoglobin Human (16 000 Da), Apoferritin (445 000 Da), Myoglobin (17 083 Da), Chymotrypsinogen A (25 666 Da), and synthetic oligonucleotides doditsela sodium sulfate (265 Da) in positive and negative modes. The studies were conducted on the prototype analytical complex ES-IDS (electrospray ion source — ion drift spectrometer), developed at the request of FMBA of Russia under the Federal Target Program "National System of chemical and biological safety of the Russian Federation (2009–2014)".

 
Keywords: mobility spectrometer, peptides, proteins, oligonukleotides, electrospray liquid

Author Affiliations

1Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
2Scientific and Technical Center for Radiation and Chemical Safety and Hygiene of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, RF
3Ltd "Grant Instrument", Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Krasnov Nikolay Vasil'evich, krasnov@alpha-ms.com

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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A. G. Varekhov

POTENTIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF TRANSMEMBRANE POTENTIAL OF CELLS WITH USE OF THE PENETRATING IONS

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 27—35. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i2735
 

There are methodical restrictions arising at potentiometric measurements of the transmembrane potential of cells with use of the penetrating (lipophilic) ions are discussed in the article. The analysis of the experimental results of measurements of transmembrane potential of B.subtilis cells on exposure to a gramicidin A is made that was received with using TPP+ selective membrane electrode. The analysis is based on the assumption of almost reversible adsorption of indicator cations on a cellular surface. It is shown that result of such measurements is more considerable value dipolar potential of a membrane rather the transmembrane potential. There is offered the estimation method of changes of the membrane potential, using the irreversible connected part of the penetrating ions immobilized in membrane channels on exposure to the gramicidin for calculation. Area density of the adsorbed charge, concentration of places of binding of indicator cations and parameters of a double electric layer are calculated.

 
Keywords: measurements, gramicidin, TPP+ selective electrode, dipolar potential, transmembrane potential

Author Affiliations

Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, RF
Contacts: Varechov Aleksey Grigor'evich, varekhov@mail.ru

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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S. I. Maximov1, A. V. Kretinina1, N. S. Fominà1,2, L. N. Gall1

COMBINED RADIATOR FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETER IN THE SPECTRAL RANGE FROM 200 TO 1100 nm

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 36—41. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i3641
 

The paper is devoted to the previously proposed combined emitter for spectrophotometers (S. I. Maximov et al., 2010; L. N. Gall et al., 2005) improvement which provides the emission range expansion from hard ultraviolet to infrared. The improvement consists in the simultaneous introduction of two electrodeless lamps filled with various metals that are installed on axis of the common resonator. It allows to increase the emitter power and brightness in the UV region significantly and at the same time to leave its compactness unchanged. Also the implementations features of the proposed principle were described and the new combined emitter construction was shown. Moreover an example of the emission spectrum in one of the operating modes was demonstrated.

 
Keywords: spectrophotometry, spectrophotometer, combined emitter, electrodeless lamp, spectral lines

Author Affiliations

1Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
2Ioffe Physical Technical Institute of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Fominà Natal'ya Sergeevna, kolomna.88@mail.ru

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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A. I. Zhernovoy, S. V. Diachenko

DETERMINATION OF THE DISPERSION MAGNETIC MOMENT OF THE NANOPARTICLES IN MAGNETIC FLUID

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 42—47. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i4247
 

At the initial part of the magnetization curve of paramagnet its magnetization on the theory of Langevin proportional to the square of the magnetic moment P of paramagnetic particles: Min= (nP2B/(3kT)), where the n — concentration of particle, B — magnetic induction, T — temperature, k — Boltzmann constant. Saturation magnetization, measured at the final part of the magnetization curve is proportional to the magnetic moment in the first degree: Msat = nP. At the presence of dispersion of the magnetic moment of the particle measured magnetization Min and Msat averaged. In the result turns Min= n(P2)midÂ/(3kÒ) Msat = nPmid, where (P2)mid è Pmid — middle values P2 and P. Since the value of the magnetic moment of particular paramagnetic particle is random variable, at any function of the distribution of particles on values P, dispersion distribution D can be found by the formula: D = (P2)mid – (Pmid)2, received values (P2)mid è (Pmid)2 from experimental magnetization curve. The method is illustrated determining the dispersions of distribution of the magnetic moments of nanoparticles 3 magnetic fluids.

 
Keywords: magnetic fluid, magnetization curve, magnetic moment of the nanoparticles, dispersion of the distribution of magnetic moments

Author Affiliations

Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), RF
Contacts: Zhernovoy Aleksandr Ivanovich, azhspb@rambler.ru

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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A. S. Berdnikov

RECALCULATION OF INITIAL CONDITIONS WHEN THE TRAJECTORY OF A CHARGED PARTICLE CROSSES THE BOUNDARY WITH À JUMP OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELD. I. ELECTRIC FIELD

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 48—64. doi:10.18358/np-25-1-i4864
 

When the trajectories of charged particles in electric fields and/or magnetic fields are simulated, sometimes the case occurs when the trajectory crosses the line with a jump of the electric or magnetic field. It is necessary to recalculate carefully the coordinates and the velocities of the charged particle not to produce strange numerical artifacts like the violation of the conservation of energy. This paper introduces and proves mathematically strictly the principle of refraction — namely, only the normal velocity component should be corrected in such a way that the total energy remains constant while all other velocity components as well as the coordinates of the charged particle just keep their original values.

 
Keywords: numerical solutions of differential equations, trajectrory tracing in pulsed electric fields, artifacts of numerical algorithms

Author Affiliations

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Berdnikov Aleksandr Sergeevich, asberd@yandex.ru

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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B. P. Sharfarets, E. B. Sharfarets

ABOUT THE CHOICE OF METHODS FOR SOLVING POISSON'S EQUATION IN THE GENERAL CASE OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE VOLUME CHARGE DENSITY AND ABOUT THE FORMULATION OF BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN ELECTROKINETIC PROBLEMS (REVIEW)

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 65—75. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i6575
 

We consider the situation when the distribution of the space charges in the Poisson equation differs from the Boltzmann distribution. This required the usage of the theory of correctly solution of boundary value problems for equations of Laplace and Poisson. The most general methods for solving these tasks were used. Boundary conditions, used in electrokinetic phenomena, were considered. Closed system of equations, which allow to model mathematically the electrokinetic processes in the absence of thermodynamic equilibrium, was presented.

 
Keywords: double electrical layer, electrokinetic phenomena, the Poisson equation, the Laplace equation, Neumann's boundary problem, Dirichlet's boundary problem

Author Affiliations

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
Contacts: Sharfarets Boris Pinkusovich, sharb@mail.ru

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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S. K. Savelyev1,2, A. V.Bakhtiarov1, V. G. Semenov1, N. B. Klimova2

SOFTWARE TOOLKIT FOR THE EDUCATION IN X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 76—82. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i7682
 

The issues that arise during the process of students training in the class of complicated physic methods of analysis are outlined. It is demonstrated that significant portion of those issues may be resolved by means of conventional universal software solutions specialized for the named area. One of such solutions called X-Energo is described with description of the main ideas of this package dealing with the possibilities of simulation of X-ray fluorescence spectrometers of different types and determination of analytical characteristics of element analysis of different stuff on such devices. X-Energo provides software realizations of the adequate, efficient, detailed models for different components and the whole X-ray fluorescence spectrometer as well as the diversified tools for data acquisition, processing and interpretation.

 
Keywords: X-ray fluorescence analysis, universal software simulation complex, X-ray fluorescent spectrometers, energy dispersive spectrometer, modified method standard background

Author Affiliations

1Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg, RF
2Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, RF
Contacts: Savelyev Sergey Konstantinovich, ssav@x-energo.com

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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A. S. Berdnikov

RECALCULATION OF INITIAL CONDITIONS WHEN THE TRAJECTORY OF A CHARGED PARTICLE CROSSES THE BOUNDARY WITH À JUMP OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELD. II. MAGNETIC FIELD

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2015, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 83—103. doi: 10.18358/np-25-1-i83103
 

When the trajectories of charged particles in electric fields and/or magnetic fields are simulated, sometimes the case occurs when the trajectory crosses the line with a jump of the electric or magnetic field. It is necessary to recalculate carefully the coordinates and the velocities of the charged particle not to produce strange numerical artifacts like the violation of the conservation of energy. This paper introduces and proves mathematically strictly the expressions how to recalculate the coordinates and the velocities of the charged particle when the trajectory intersects with the boundary of the jump of electric and magnetic fields with a weak singularity.

 
Keywords: numerical solutions of differential equations, trajectrory tracing in pulsed electric fields, artifacts of numerical algorithms

Author Affiliations

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg, RF
Contacts: Berdnikov Aleksandr Sergeevich, asberd@yandex.ru

Full text (In Russ.) >>


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