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"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2022, Vol. 32, no. 2. ISSN 2312-2951, DOI: 10.18358/np-32-2-e108

"NP" 2022 year Vol. 32 no. 2.,   ABSTRACTS

ABSTRACTS, REFERENCES

A. L. Bulyanitsa, N. A. Esikova, A. A. Evstrapov

INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULTS OF QUANTITATIVE GENETIC ANALYSIS BASED ON THE APPROXIMATION OF THE KINETIC CURVE OF THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION IN REAL TIME

"Nauchnoe priborostroenie", 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 3—19.
doi: 10.18358/np-32-2-i319
 

A quantitative polymerase chain reaction in real time (real time PCR) has been implemented on polymer microfluidic devices made of polycarbonate and polypropylene. The threshold cycle is determined based on the inflection point of the first-order logistic growth function, which reliably approximates the PCR curve in the absence of interfering factors, for example, the presence of bubbles in the reaction chamber. Use of statistical criteria (generalized Student's criterion, one-way analysis of variance) revealed the insignificance of the influence of the polymer type on the estimation of the position of the threshold cycle in terms of the previously selected algorithm for its search. When using an alternative algorithm for finding the threshold cycle based on the plotting of a tangent to the kinetic curve, in some cases there is a significant influence of the polymer type on the estimation of the position of the threshold cycle and, as a consequence, on the result of quantitative analysis. Proposed and discussed are algorithms for detecting bubbles in the reaction chamber based on the detection of a discrepancy in the measurement sequence associated with both estimates of the approximating dependence's parameters and the characteristics of the time series formed by approximation errors.
 

Keywords: real-time polymerase chain reaction, kinetic curve, first-order logistic growth function, parameter estimation, single-factor analysis, ascending and descending series, approximation error

Author affiliations:

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia

 
Contacts: Bulyanitsa Anton Leonidovich, antbulyan@yandex.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 29.04.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

REFERENCES

  1. Esikova N.A., Germash N.N., Evstrapov A.A. [Rapid fabrication of microchips for PCR analysis from polymer materials in the laboratory conditions]. Nauchnoe Priborostroenie [Scientific Instrumentation], 2020, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 21—26. DOI: 10.18358/np-30-4-i2126 (In Russ.).
  2. Gmurman V.E. Teoriya veroyatnostei i matematicheskaya statistika: uchebnoe posobie dlya inzhenerno-ehkonomicheskikh institutov i fakul'tetov. Izd. 4-e, dop [Probability theory and mathematical statistics: a textbook for engineering and economic institutes and faculties. 4th Suppl. Edit.]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1972. 367 p. (In Russ.).
  3. Tikhomirov N.P., Tikhomirova T.M., Ushmaev O.S. Metody ehkonometriki i mnogomernogo statisticheskogo analiza: uchebnik [Econometrics and multivariate statistical analysis methods: textbook]. Moscow, Ehkonomika Publ., 2011. 637 p. (In Russ.). 
  4. Plokhotnikov K.Eh., Kolkov S.V. Statistika: uchebnoe posobie [Statistics: educational assistance]. Moscow, Flinta Publ., 2006. 286 p. (In Russ.).
  5. Bulyanitsa A.L. [Methods for logistic growth curve parameters estimation. Part. 1. Optimization of estimation conditions at the presence of additive random error]. Nauchnoe Priborostroenie [Scientific Instrumentation], 2009, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 3—11. URL: http://iairas.ru/mag/2009/abst3.php#abst1 (In Russ.).
  6. Belov D.A., Belov Yu.V., Kurochkin V.E. [New method of DNA melting signal treatment] . Nauchnoe Priborostroenie [Scientific Instrumentation], 2018, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 3—10. DOI: 10.18358/np-28-1-i310 (In Russ.).
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P. O. Lugovaya, T. V. Mirina

CONSTRUCTION OF AN OPTICAL COAGULOMETER SYSTEM
AND WAYS TO REDUCE INTERFERENCE

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 20—32.
doi: 10.18358/np-32-2-i2032
 

The latest standards of laboratory diagnostics of hemostasis involve the study of micro—samples – tens of microliters, however, the analysis of such small volumes is a difficult task. It is necessary to minimize the interference associated with not only the device electronics, but also the optical node. The article suggests some ways to reduce interference in the design of the optical system of coagulometers. The reasons for the appearance of these interferences from the point of view of physics and optics are presented. The method of determining the optimal wavelength for hemostasis tests is described, recommendations are given on the choice of emission sources and photodetectors. The design of a thermostatically controlled plate and measuring channels is proposed. An experiment has been conducted that clearly shows the effectiveness of the proposed methods for reducing interference.The influence of various factors and design features on the useful output signal is described.
 

Keywords: optical coagulometer, optical system of the hemostasis analyzer, wavelength selection for coagulography, noise reduction

Author affiliation:

Ufa state aviation technical University, Russia

 
Contacts: Lugovaya, Polina Olegovna, polina_l@astra.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 25.04.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

REFERENCES

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  3. McCraw A., Hillarp A., Echenagucia M. Considerations in the laboratory assessment of haemostasis. Haemophilia, 2010, vol. 16, is. 5, pp. 74—78. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2010.02302.x
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E. S. Pavlova1, I. A. Gromov2, A. S. Antonov1, L. N. Gall2, N. R. Gall1

MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF THE MASS DISCRIMINATION
IN ELECTRON IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY
AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS CORRECTION

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 33—41.
doi: 10.18358/np-32-2-i3341
 

Ion mass discrimination in mass spectrometry with electron ionization is a nonremovable effect, reducing the accuracy of isotopic composition measurement, the exact knowledge of which is extremely necessary in many applications. The reason for these discriminations is the necessity to use additional magnetic field in the ion source, focusing a beam of ionizing electrons. The paper concerns the displacement of an electron beam, the ionization region, and the ion position for various masses in the ion beam during its formation in an ion source optical system, studied by mathematical simulation. Introducing voltage correction on the extraction electrode can significantly, by two orders of magnitude, reduce the discrimination.
 

Keywords: electron ionization, mass discrimination, mass spectrometry, mathematical simulation, Simion

Author affiliations:

1Ioffe Physical Technical Institute of the RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia

 
Contacts: Gromov Ivan Alexandrovich, gromov-24-2@yandex.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 14.03.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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  1. Barnard G.P. Modern Mass Spectrometry. Institute of Physics, 1953. (Russ. ed.: Barnard Dzh. Sovremennaya mass-spektrometriya. Translate V.N. Vasil'eva, A.V. Dubrovina, V.L. Tal'roze, eds. V.N. Kondrat'ev. Moscow, Inostrannaya literatura Publ., 1957. 420 p.).
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    http://iairas.ru/en/mag/2006/abst2.php#abst7 (In Russ.).
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I. I. Ivanov1, A. M. Baranov1, A. N. Lyamin1, S. M. Mironov2

INVESTIGATION OF THE SENSITIVITY AND SELECTIVITY
OF A THERMOCATALYTIC SENSOR OF HYDROGEN

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 42—54.
doi: 10.18358/np-32-2-i4254
 

The study demonstrates for the first time the high selectivity of catalytic hydrogen sensors to other hydrocarbons (methane, propane, hexane, butane, ethane and ethylene) at an operating temperature less than 70 ºC. Two circuits were used to measure the response of sensors: a Wheatstone bridge circuit and a divider circuit. The hydrogen measurement was conducted at the temperatures ranging from 66 to 130 ºC. It is shown that the sensors have a high sensitivity of 25—35 mV/% and a low power consumption of approximately 8.6 mW. The Wheatstone bridge circuit was observed to have the maximum value of selectivity and sensitivity.
 

Keywords: thermocatalytic hydrogen sensor, low-temperature measurements, selectivity, sensitivity, power consumption

Author affiliations:

1Moscow Aviation Institute, Russia
2Scientific and Technical Center for Measuring Gas Sensing Sensors
named after E.F. Karpov, Lyubertsy, Russia

 
Contacts: Ivanov Ivan Ivanovich, I.Ivan1993@yandex.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 26.03.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

REFERENCES

  1. IEA G20 Hydrogen report: Assumptions. Report prepared by the IEA for the G20. IEA Publication, Japan, June 2019. URL:
    https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/a02a0c80-77b2-462e-a9d5-1099e0e572ce/IEA-The-Future-of-Hydrogen-Assumptions-Annex.pdf
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I. R. Gall, N. A. Esikova, L. N. Gall

QUALITY CONTROL OF WATER PURIFICATION
FOR TECHNOLOGICAL AND SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 55—64.
doi: 10.18358/np-32-2-i5564
 

The high-resolution low-frequency induction dielcometria method was used to compare the degrees of purity of the tap water (St. Petersburg, Russia) obtained by various methods currently in use: steam distillation, bidistillation, as well as membrane distillation separately and combined with deionization. It has been determined that all the above methods of water purification do purify water with sufficient quality, but only bidistillation and deionization produce water that does not contain ionic impurities in the order of 10–7 M.
 

Keywords: water, purification methods, dielcometria method

Author affiliations:

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia

 
Contacts: Gall Ivan Rostislavovich, ivan.gall@mail.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 12.04.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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  8. Gall L.N., Maximov S.I., Skuridina T.S., Gall N.R. [Low frequency inductive dielcometry – informative method for the study of the structuring of water in aqueous solutions]. Nauchnoe Priborostroenie [Scientific Instrumentation], 2016, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 26—33. DOI: 10.18358/np-26-1-i2633 (In Russ.).
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E. E. Maiorov1, V. B. Kotskovich1, V. P. Pushkina1,
A. V. Arefiev2, R. B. Guliyev2, A. V. Dagaev3

INVESTIGATION OF OPTICAL FLAT SURFACES
OF BEAM-SPLITTING PLATES BY MEANS OF COHERENT OPTICS

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 65—74.
doi: 10.18358/np-32-2-i6574
 

The article presents an experimental setup for measuring the geometric parameters of optical surfaces of details. The relevance of the work is shown since obtaining high-precision and reliable information about the geometric parameters of surfaces has always been an important task of metrology. The paper highlights the optical layout of the interferometer, as well as the technical and operational characteristics of the experimental setup. The objects and method of research are determined. Interferograms were obtained from the surfaces of beam splitters from various manufacturers. The images of interference fields were analyzed, and the main parameters of wave fronts were revealed. The optical surfaces were controlled by an experimental setup with an accuracy of not worse than 0.05 λ. The reflective coatings of beam splitters were studied, and the dependences of the reflection coefficient on the x and y coordinates were obtained. Comparative analysis revealed the preferable option for modern automated interferometers.
 

Keywords: wavefront deformation, interferogram, reflection coefficient, Fizeau interferometer, span, mean square deviation, measurement accuracy

Author affiliations:

1Saint Petersburg state university of aerospace instrumentation (GUAP), Saint Petersburg, Russia
2University at the EurAsEC inter-parliamentary Assembly, Saint Petersburg, Russia
3Ivangorodskii Humanitarian-Technical Institute (branch of) State educational institution for higher
professional education "Saint Petersburg University of Aerospace Instrumentation", Ivangorod, Russia

 
Contacts: Maiorov Evgeniy Evgen'evich, majorov_ee@mail.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 16.03.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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A. V. Arefiev1, R. B. Guliyev1, O. V. Gromov1, A. V. Dagaev2,
V . V . Kurlov3, E. E. Maiorov3, I. S. Tayurskaya4

REFRACTOMETRIC MEANS OF CONTROL OF AQUEOUS
SOLUTIONS OF TETRACHLOROETHYLENE

"Nauchnoe Priborostroenie", 2022, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 75—83.
doi: 10.18358/np-32-2-i7583
 

The paper a refractometric device (URL-1) for measuring the concentration dependence of the refractive index in aqueous solutions of tetrachloroethylene is considered. The presented study is relevant and promising, since the identification of optical parameters in these media is important for chemical industries. The article the appearance of a laboratory refractometric installation, as well as technical and operational characteristics of refractometers used in measurements are presented. The results of measurements of the concentration dependence of the refractive index of the studied substances were obtained experimentally, which were compared with reference values from the scientific literature. The data of experimental measurements and reference values are compared with the results obtained on the K-Patents OY PR-03-M refractometer. The error of the experiment did not exceed Dk ≤ 0.4%.
 

Keywords: measurement error, interpolation, refractometer, refractive index, concentration, polynomial

Author affiliations:

1University at the EurAsEC inter-parliamentary Assembly, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2Ivangorodskii Humanitarian-Technical Institute (branch of) Saint Petersburg University of Aerospace
Instrumentation, Ivangorod, Russia
3Saint Petersburg state university of aerospace instrumentation (GUAP), Saint Petersburg, Russia
4Saint Petersburg university of management technologies and economics, Saint Petersburg, Russia

 
Contacts: Maiorov Evgeniy Evgen'evich, majorov_ee@mail.ru
Article received by the editorial office on 1.04.2022

Full text (In Russ./In Eng.) >>

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