The article deals with the issues related to compensation for the turn around time of ions in an orthogonal accelerator of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer. It shows limited opportunities for the reduction of the turn around time, achievable in stationary fields of different geometry with homogeneous and highly heterogeneous structures. A detailed analytical analysis was conducted along with the expert assessment of all dynamic phenomena accompanying formation of ion packages. The conclusion was made about limited opportunities of stationary fields in regulation of the turn around time and the preference of nonlinear in coordinates and changing in time electric fields.

¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
²Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Contact: R. A. Bublyaev, Bub-slava@yandex.ru

The neutral molecule motion in the inhomogeneous electric fields is considered. The possibility of separating molecules with polarizabilities and a permanent electric dipole moments in these fields is shown. On the example of the electric field generated by system of charged parallel metallic wires the angle dispersions for the endofullerene molecules Gd@C₈₂, La@C₈₂, Sc@C₈₂, Y@C₈₂ and fullerene molecules C₆₀, C₇₀, C₈₂, C₈₄ are estimated using the known values of their the permanent dipole moments and polarizability coefficients. The results of the numerical simulation demonstrate the opportunity of using the inhomogeneous electric fields as the polarizable molecule separator base.

¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
²2Saint-Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Contact: Z. Z. Latypov, Zeidel@yandex.ru

In the first part of the work analyses the current state of research on thermionic energy conversion method. Analytical review of the data showed that the "capacity of a development" of the method has been exhausted, since the present physical and technical characteristics of existing plasma thermionic energy converters are close to the theoretically possible limits. The second part of the work is devoted to development of the foundations of the new thermal energy into electrical energy conversion method and the prototypes modeling of the vacuum energy conversion devices with electron emissive sources — cathodes with micro- or nanostructured emission surfaces. The simulation shows that, if the device use the cathodes with micro- or nanostructured surface and emission and electron transfer processes to implement under the action of special superposition electric and magnetic fields (Lorentz force), then this approach would create conversion devices, energy efficiency which can significantly (by orders of magnitude) than the effectiveness of existing plasma thermionic energy converters. It is shown that the use in the vacuum conversion devices nanotube-based field emission cathodes, enables direct conversion of heat energy environment (T ~ 300 K) into electrical energy.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
Contact: V. E. Ptitsin, vptitsin@yandex.ru

The first part of our work analyzes heat transfer in the high-power laser diodes (LDs) of conventional design. Contributions of various design units to the total thermal resistance of the LDs is considered, demonstrating a dominant one coming from the copper heat sink and case of the laser. The reason for this is strong localization of the heat release in the laser chip as well as a two-dimensional character of the heat transfer around the chip. The theoretical results obtained agree well with the measurements of the thermal resistance carried out.

¹ATC Semiconductor Devices, Saint-Petersburg
²STR Group "Soft-Impact", Saint-Petersburg
Contact: A. L. Ter-Martirosyan, ter@atcsd.ru

The second part of the paper considers laser diodes with modified heat sink design aimed at reducing the device thermal resistance. Optimization of geometrical parameters of the heat sink has turned out ineffective because of a strong localization of the heat release region near the laser chip. Alternative ways for the thermal resistance reduction are discussed in terms of simulations. The maximum output power of the laser diodes limited by thermal effects is estimated.

¹ATC Semiconductor Devices, Saint-Petersburg
²STR Group Soft-Impact, Ltd., Saint-Petersburg
Contact: A. L. Ter-Martirosyan, ter@atcsd.ru

Generation-recombination noise in the semiconductors, caused by generation-recombination processes through the allowed levels in the forbidden band is considered. The quantitative description of noise is given. The spectrum of generation-recombination noise in general case is calculated. The obtained results can be applied for development of semiconductor devices: for decrease of noise and improvement of characteristics of devices.

Petersburg nuclear physics institute, Gatchina, Leningrad district.
Contact: B. I. Yakubovich, yakubovich@pnpi.spb.ru

The possibilities of the method of dynamic discharging curves for the separate study of the activity of the catalyst and the diffusion properties of the catalytic layer, which largely determine the characteristics of the power source based on the air-hydrogen fuel cells.

Ioffe Institute, RAS, Saint-Petersburg
Contact: A. A. Nechitailov, aan.shuv@mail.ioffe.ru

The work is devoted to the microwave synthesis of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and determination of their specific surface area, as well as the possibility of using them as sorbents for a metal affinity chromatography in relation to biological objects.

¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
²Institute of Toxicology of Federal Medico-Biological Agency, Saint-Petersburg
³Saint-Petersburg State University
Contact: V. D. Gladilovich, vdgladilovich@gmail.com

In the review modern works devoted to study and development of microfluidic devices are discussed. Ways of microfluidic devices classification are suggested. These ways connected with: functional purpose of devices; field of tasks which devices are solved; investigated object detection methods that applied to microfluidic devices.

¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
²St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
³St. Petersburg Academic University — Nanotechnology Research and Education Center RAS
Contact: I. V. Kukhtevic, ba@inbox.ru

The article deals with simulation of sample’s electrokinetic injection in separation channel of the microfluidic chip with the double cross injector’s topology, allowing to load the sample in different ways (called as simple "cross", "Z-input", "P-input" [1]). There were used modified Navier—Stokes equation for simulation mass-transfer of buffers and sample, Kirchoff and Ohms laws for calculation of an electric field’s distribution in channels which were solved by finite element method. Herewith the simplified two-dimensional spatial analyte distribution was considered. Analyte was represented as the continuous medium. After modeling there were analyzed the received time and spatial sample’s distributions and estimated the influence of control potentials and width of channels on sample’s dispersion and heterogeneity. By results of the analysis the modes of injection providing the minimal dispersion of analyzed substance were chose.

¹St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics
²Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
²St. Petersburg Academic University — Nanotechnology Research and Education Center RAS
⁴St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University
Contact: A. L. Bulyanitsa, antbulyan@yandex.ru

The mathematical model, permissive to estimate the stationary temperature fields and fields of the flexural oscillations in the thermo elastic tube and viscous heat-conducting compressible fluid provided of connectedness of elastic and heat processes is represented. The thermo dynamical processes and problems for positioning of boundary conditions are considered.

¹Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
²Institution for Cell Biophysics of RAS, Pushchino, Moscow region
Contact: B. P. Sharfarets, sharb@mail.ru

By way of overcoming of computational difficulties the substitution by means of the similarity method of the original physical problem for flowing of the compressible viscous fluid in capillary by the model, permissive to elude these difficulties. The naïve simulation with one dimensionless similarity criterion — Reynolds number is hereafter used. The details of simulation are considered.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
Contact: B. P. Sharfarets, sharb@mail.ru

As part of the federal framework program "National System of chemical and biological security of the Russian Federation (2009-2013 years)" developed analytical complex: a gas chromatograph - mass spectrometer (GC-MS) based on the desktop time-of-flight mass spectrometer with electron impact ion source (EI) intended for the detection and identification of toxic and hazardous substances. Analytical parameters of the complex - the sensitivity, resolving power, recording rate of the spectrum, are at the world class level of devices. The obtained mass spectra of chromatographic components of a mixture of substances shall be identified using common library of mass spectra of electron impact of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) NIST.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation of RAS, Saint-Petersburg
Contact: N. V. Krasnov, krasnov@alpha-ms.com

New compact accessory to atomic absorption spectrometers for increasing of accuracy and sensitivity trace element (heavy and other metals) determination in different substances is developed. It also accelerates the analysis as a whole. Hardware and software technical solutions are described. New methods of multistage fractional atomization for removing of matrix interferences on analytical signal measurement are realized. Several examples of application of the instrument are presented: for direct measurement of cadmium in sea water on the level 10 μg/l and in the table salt — 100 μg/kg; of gold in ore on the mining level 2 g/ton.

¹Kazan (Volga region) Federal University
²LLC "Atzond", Kazan
³Kazan State Power Engineering University
Contact: Y. A. Zakharov, Yuri.Zakharov@kpfu.ru

This article describes the principles of measurement of magneto impedance effect in samples intended for the construction of electronic circuits, including a sensor of small magnetic fields. The literature data on the existing methods of magneto impedance effect measurement for the studies of the magnetic structures with induced magnetic anisotropy are analyzed and summarized. The automated complex of magneto impedance spectroscopy adapted for a wide range of magnetic structures and working on the basis of an Agilent E4991a impedance analyzer developed and created in the Urals Federal University is described.

The B.N. Eltsin Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg
Contact: S. O. Volchkov, stanislav.volchkov@usu.ru