The main principles of polymeraze chain reaction (PCR) are considered. Features of the PCR homogeneous methods in real time are discussed. Questions of analytical signal formation during the reaction are stated. Ad-vantages and lacks of PCR realization on a microchip are discussed. Devices for PCR with stationary and flow-ing reaction chambers are considered. General analysis of materials used in the construction of microchips for PCR is carried out. The main problems arising at use of the most widespread materials are considered.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

The short review of existing representations on the physical mechanism of a "low-voltage" field electron emission from a surface of various low dimensional nanostructures (NS): microcrystals of high gap semicon-ductors, carbon nanotubes and diamond like films was made. The offered models were found to be unable to give adequate interpretation to the results obtained earlier in examinations of a "low-voltage" field emission. To elucidate physical mechanism of "low-voltage" field electron emission original nanotechnology for the forma-tions of nanoheterostructures (NHS), formed by a thin (~5–10 nm) layer of dielectric (ZrO2) on the surface of point microcrystals W was developed. Examination of field emission properties ZrO2/W NHS was performed. It was found, that at substance temperature ~1900 K

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

The work describes the areas of a transparency and refraction parameters for the widely used optical films, produced by thermal evaporation in vacuum. The spectral dependences of refraction and absorption parameters for some most common substances are given, defined by authors for visible and IR ranges of a spectrum.

Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation

The work generalizes isotrope media ellipsometry invariant theory in case of any measuring configurations of the device. The basic invariant properties appearing at various types of configurations are analyzed. General approach to selection of measuring configurations of the device providing peak effect in elimination of features in extended zone relations of ellipsometry of anisotropic media is developed. Thus (in the accepted approach) properties of invariant ellipsometry of isotropic media are used in full. Various types of measuring configura-tions are analyzed. At the same time the class of measuring configurations considerably differing from a classi-cal configuration, but not eliminating features is found.

*Institute of Applied Physics NAS, Ukraine, Sumy **Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

In the paper parameterizations of the main processes of ion-molecular interactions in gas-filled magnetic mass separators are presented. Using theses parameterizations, two programs for computer modeling of ion motion in gas-filled separators are developed: one utilizing the transfer matrix method in paraxial approximation and the other one based on the program SIMION 7.0. Examples of test calculations of focusing of products of nuclear fusion reactions in the separator DGFRS of the Laboratory of nuclear reactions in JINR, Dubna, are given.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

The work presents expressions for forces of radiative pressure on a particle characterized by arbitrary scatter-ing amplitude, in arbitrary field falling in ideal fluid. Using dot multipole source creating a leakage field, equivalent to real, it is possible to get compact expressions for radiative pressure forces. The effects obtained are rather useful for problems concerning liquid inclusions with complex scattering amplitudes. The obtained ex-pressions cover all possible field and scatterer cases.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

Aspects important for the measurement of short time intervals by the method of analogous scaling have been considered. To improve the accuracy of measurements it is necessary to consider time scale deviation. The drift is determined by both change of transformation coefficient and change of temporal threshold of temporal meas-uring instrument. Attention is given to the features of such fluctuations and methods of their decrease.

State Technical University of Nuclear Power Engineering, Obninsk **State Scientific Center of Russian Federation "Institute for Physics and Power Engineering named after A.I. "Leypunskiy", Obninsk

The construction, principle of activity and overall performance of the selective dehumidifier of moisture in gas tests or other gas media, made on the basis of Nafion material is discussed. The dehumidifier is shown to remove 98 % of moisture from gas media, thus maintaining in the samples microimpurities at the levels of 1 ррm and less.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

NMR shift and width dependence on the concentration of C hard phase in water dispersion of magnetite nanoparticles was studied. Dependence from C heterogeneous width line in homogeneous field was determined.

The Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)

Different approaches to evaluation of radiative pressure on spherical inserts of any radius in flat running, still and gauzy-still waves are compared. Previous method of evaluation of radiative pressure for a general case of inserts with the pre-set characteristics, a scattering amplitude, was shown to coincide with particular methods specially developed for spherical inserts.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

Scheme and structure of sample mechanical oscillation parameters stabilization for high temperature vibrat-ing magnetometer in which direct measuring method is used is described. This device allows to reduce signifi-cantly error of measuring. The relative instability of vibration amplitude makes 10^–4, and frequencies — 10^–5. The experimental apparatus is intended for measuring of magnet moment of samples from 5∙10^-4 to 50 Gs∙cm3 in the range of temperatures 300–1000 K and magnetic fields 0–(±15) kOe.

*L.V. Kirensky Institute of physics of the Siberian Branch RAS, Krasnoyarsk **Siberian federal university, Krasnoyarsk