An electron beam treatment was proposed as an approach to the modification of fused silica surface. This processing technique was shown to provide an adjustable structural modification of silica surface and the con-trol over its hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance. Electron beam irradiation allows the controllable change of the ratios between Si atoms bound to the surface with one, two or three Si–O bonds thus promoting the formation of acidic, neutral, and basic hydroxyl groups, respectively, as well as siloxane networks. Processing under the stud-ied conditions affords the control of silica surface functional composition and the possibility to impart the inter-nal surface of fused silica capillaries with the required chemical stability. The developed procedure is promising as a new approach to the modification of fused-silica capillaries, silica gel and microchips.

* Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg ** Technology Center RADIANT, Saint-Petersburg

The heuristics models of structure forming in thin (1–3 layers) Langmuir—Blodgett (LB) films are suggested and studied. The models are designed on experimental results of studying LB films by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM). Domain is shown to be a base element of LB films. The hypothesis of spread in domain values, being in accord with Yeh domain model, is discussed. The model of film growth based on analysis of homogeneity and continuity of film structure is suggested.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

The work presents theoretical analysis including a general case of arbitrary measuring configurations at any values of polarization angles Ψ and Δ, characterizing the examined surface. This analysis allows to study special situations in measuring of standings of clearing of the optical elements, having great practical value, and to de-velop means for the elimination of the arising difficulties. Possible methods of measuring of standings of clear-ing of optical devices (the evaluator and a polarizer) for arbitrary configuration determined by a standing of a "prompt" axis of a phase balance concerning a plane of incidence of a light ray are categorized. Partitioning possibility (on configurations) process of measuring of polarization angles Ψ and Δ in the situations bound to small values of angle Ψ is proved. The problem of choice of a single optimum measuring configuration provid-ing the sufficient resolution on both polarization angles in case of small angles Ψ is discussed.

*Institute of Applied Physics NAS, Ukraine, Sumy **Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

The methods for determination of magnetization and effective field constant of magnetic liquid by chemical signal shifts NMR protons in the samples having cylindrical and ball shapes have been proposed.

The Saint-Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)

In the paper an ion-optical scheme is proposed of an interface for transport and injection of ions into a colli-sion induced dissociation cell in a time-of-flight tandem with the parallel analysis of parent ions. The focusing system of the interface allows injection of ions with small energy and 100 % relative energy spread through a narrow bore practically without losses. The scheme is based on a combination of preliminary focusing with suc-ceeding retardation in a homogeneous electrostatic field.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

Single interval estimation’ method allow to use extremal range statistics for mathematical expectation’ calcu-lation of random value. Early was determine an infinite this value as necessary condition of more efficiency this estimation comparison with average-sampling estimation. In this work demonstrate, that this condition is not sufficient and it must be supple the requirement of undegeneration at the border range.

Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

In this paper we consider communications media such as transport media, information media technical me-dia, social media, etc. and flows in them such as substance flows, traffic flows information flows, people flows. There is straight and backward over determined dynamic relationship established between medium carrying ca-pacity and traffic flows. Operators of that relationship are searched for in in-cite and computerized teaching ex-periments. Three self-organization criteria are discussed: completeness of description Q = q², description decre-ment efficiency dQ, and stability q•u = 0, where q = Ax, or By, A, B — relationship operators, x — traffic, y — carrying capacity, u — uncertainty.

Institute of Transport Problems RAS, Saint-Petersburg

The new concept of the molecular mechanism of power transmission in live and model molecular systems is offered. The concept is grounded on the methods of non-linear mathematical physics at the description of en-ergy movement through molecular chains and on quantum-mechanical ideas on signal formation in anisotropic media. Conception of molecular cell as a structural object - a constituent of a biological (chemical) system, hav-ing shared properties in perception and power transmission processes is suggested and proved. Intermolecular power transmission and intensification of nano effects are shown to be parts of a single energy process in alive system, unity of molecular and water-field medium of the molecular cell being the physical basis of these two processes. Possible use of the offered concept in power and in live sciences is discusses.

*Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg **A.F. Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute of RAS, Saint-Petersburg

In this paper we present two-step method for denoising. The noise variance is changed in random moments of time. The first step of our method consists of clustering wavelet coefficients which are computed by maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform. Then one defines of noise parts with piecewise constant variance. The sec-ond step consists of calculation of the modified thresholds for each part and removing noise on basis of these thresholds. The approach practically completely allows to remove local noise in comparison with traditional methods of denoising in which the threshold calculate on all sample of data. .

*Research & Engineering Center of Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University **Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, Saint-Petersburg

Time-frequency and time-scale distributions (the result of corresponding transformations) does not give total idea regarding to features of non-stationary signal dynamics. For broadening the characteristics of such signal, the quantum mechanical conception (KMC) of presenting physical variables in operator form. KMC, being adapted for area of signal processing, is applied for determination of current (instantaneous) values of probabil-ity moments (of one – four orders), asymmetry and kurtosis for frequency specter of non-stationary signal. Methodology is presented for determining the current characteristics related to current moments of signal evolu-tion.

Saint-Petersburg

The method is investigated and described for image reconstruction, distortion of which is eliminated by means of using the network having symmetric transformation function for neurons. Networks modifications are considered that after learning form nonlinear filter which is capable to suppress or eliminate the image nonlinear noise.

Saint-Petersburg

In contrast to a traditional approach an alternative one based on statistical invariants is described. Coherent exposition of m signals with n independent variables among overall ñ = n•m ones is examined. Almost linear in-crease in signal detection against increase in exposition number m is shown.

Institute of Transport Problems RAS, Saint-Petersburg

New tendencies of Global Ocean study with the help of multi-purpose autonomous bottom observatories are considered. The brief review of a history of creation and use of these devices is resulted. Features of their design and a scope are analyzed. Concrete examples of use of bottom observatories for studying forerunners of strong sea earthquakes and a tsunami and ecological monitoring of industrially mastered water areas are described.

Institute of Physics of the Earth by O.Yu. Shmidt RAS, Moscow *Experimental Design Bureau of Oceanologic Equipment RAS, Moscow **Shirshov Oceanology Institute RAS, Moscow

The offered device has significant constructive differences providing possibility of separation and concentra-tion of aerosol particles from air in container with fluid or on the surface of a membrane filter with their subse-quent bacteriological examination. This method is simple, reliable and available both in manufacturing and op-eration. Use of the offered device provides high quality of catching due to vortex rotatory entrance of air flow into the chamber with catching fluid and its barbotaging, deposition of microorganisms under the influence of centrifugal forces and use of the bacterial filter. The results obtained showed higher efficiency level of the de-vice use in the experiments on closed premises atmosphere treatment control for laboratory animals comparing with the data obtained by Kokh, Diakonov methods as well as those received by means of Krotov device.

The Stavropol State Agrarian University